Quick facts
Treatment type
Minimally invasive, catheter-based
Procedure time
About 30-90 minutes
Hospital stay
Usually 1 day
Anaesthesia
Local
What is it
Coronary angioplasty opens a narrowed or blocked heart artery with a balloon, and a stent, a small metal mesh tube, is usually left in place to hold the artery open. It is done through a catheter, without opening the chest.
Why it is done
To restore blood flow to the heart muscle, relieve angina and, in a heart attack, to reopen the blocked artery quickly and limit damage to the heart.
Who needs it
Angina that continues despite medicines
A narrowing found on coronary angiography that is suitable for stenting
During a heart attack, to reopen the blocked artery
A positive stress test with a significant single or double vessel narrowing
Types and options
Balloon angioplasty - the balloon alone widens the narrowing.
Drug-eluting stent - the most commonly used stent, coated with medicine to reduce re-narrowing.
Bare metal stent - used in selected patients.
Supporting techniques may include intravascular imaging, pressure wire assessment and rotational atherectomy for heavily calcified arteries.
Tests before treatment
Coronary angiography, which usually identifies the blockage
ECG and echocardiography
Stress testing where done
Blood tests including kidney function
Assessment of which vessels are involved and whether stenting or bypass surgery is the better option
How it is done
Performed in a catheterisation laboratory under local anaesthetic, usually taking about thirty to ninety minutes depending on the number and difficulty of the blockages.
Recovery
Often one night in hospital, and sometimes same-day discharge for a straightforward case. Light activity resumes within a few days and most people are back to normal within a week. Antiplatelet medicines are continued exactly as prescribed - stopping them early is the main cause of a stent blocking - and cardiac rehabilitation is recommended where offered.
Benefits and outcomes
Relieves angina and breathlessness
Restores blood flow to the heart muscle
In a heart attack, limits damage to the heart
No chest incision and no general anaesthetic
Short hospital stay and quick return to normal life
Risks and complications
Bleeding or bruising at the puncture site
Reaction to the contrast dye and effect on kidney function
Re-narrowing of the treated segment over time
Stent thrombosis, a clot in the stent, which is why antiplatelet medicines matter
Artery injury or dissection
Rarely, heart attack, stroke, or a need for emergency bypass surgery
Preparing to travel
Fasting as advised before the procedure
Antiplatelet medicines are usually started beforehand
Tell the team about diabetes medicines, blood thinners and any contrast allergy
Blood tests including kidney function
Arrange follow-up and someone to take you home
How it is done
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1
Access
Local anaesthetic is given and a short tube is placed into the artery at the wrist or groin.
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2
Crossing the narrowing
A fine guide wire is passed across the narrowed segment of the coronary artery.
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3
Balloon dilatation
A balloon is advanced over the wire and inflated to open the narrowing.
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4
Stent placement
A stent mounted on a balloon is positioned across the segment and expanded against the artery wall.
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5
Final check
Images confirm that blood is flowing freely, and the catheters are removed.
Where you can have this
1 listed
What it costs
USD 5500 – USD 10200
The range hospitals publish for this treatment. Your own price is confirmed after a surgeon reviews your reports.
(1 providers)
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What changes the price
Number of stents used
Type of stent
Whether imaging or pressure-wire guidance is used
Complexity of the blockage, including calcified or totally blocked arteries
Hospital selected
Cardiologist and team
Length of stay
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